81. The superpowers -- "The Arabs are coming!" -- "Jihad!" -- The co-opted caliphate and the stumbling Jihad -- The year 711 -- Picking up the pieces after Rome -- The myth of Poitiers -- The fall and rise of the Umayyads -- Saving the popes -- An empire of force and faith -- Carolingian Jihads: Roncesvalles and Saxony -- The great mosque -- The first Europe, briefly -- Equipoise--delicate and doomed -- Disequilibrium Pelayo's revenge -- Knowledge transmitted, rationa
المؤلف: David Levering Lewis.
المکتبة: كتابخانه مجلس شوراي اسلامى (طهران)
موضوع:
